The claim that CYP1B1 is a universal tumour marker protein rests on the evidence in at least N peer-reviewed research or revie

The claim that CYP1B1 is a universal tumour marker protein rests on the evidence in at least fifteen peer-reviewed research or review papers published since 1997. The first evidence was published in 1997 by Professor Burke’s research team at Aberdeen University, who showed, using standard pathology immunohistochemical techniques backed up by biochemical Western blotting methodology, that CYP1B1 protein was present in the cancer cells of biopsy samples of cancers of the bladder, brain, breast, colon, connective tissue, esophagus, kidney, lung, lymph node, ovary, skin, stomach, testis and uterus, but was undetectable in the normal cells of cancer tissue and normal tissues. A total of 127 different cancer patients were sampled, with between 6 and 12 patients per cancer type, and CYP1B1 was expressed in 96% of the samples and in all the different types of cancer. In contrast, CYP1B1 was not detectable in any of the 130 samples of the same range of normal tissues, nor in liver or small intestine.